Thaum nws los txog rau tshav kub-resistant steel castings, peb yuav tsum hais txog kev kho cua sov kev lag luam; Thaum nws los txog rau kev kho cua sov, peb yuav tsum tham txog peb qhov kev lag luam hluav taws kub, annealing, quenching, thiab tempering. Yog li dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm peb?
(Ib tug). Hom kev annealing
1. Ua kom tiav annealing thiab isothermal annealing
Ua kom tiav annealing tseem hu ua recrystallization annealing, feem ntau hu ua annealing. Qhov no annealing yog tsuas yog siv rau castings, forgings thiab kub dov profiles ntawm ntau yam carbon steels thiab alloy steels nrog hypoeutecoid compositions, thiab yog tej zaum siv rau welded lug. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua kev kho cua sov zaum kawg ntawm qee qhov haujlwm tsis tseem ceeb, lossis raws li kev kho cua sov ua ntej ntawm qee qhov haujlwm.
2. spheroidizing annealing
Spheroidizing annealing feem ntau yog siv rau hypereutectoid carbon steel thiab hlau alloy hlau (xws li hom hlau siv hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej txiav, ntsuas cov cuab yeej, thiab pwm). Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog txo hardness, txhim kho machinability, thiab npaj rau tom ntej quenching.
3.Stress relief annealing
Kev ntxhov siab ntxhov siab annealing tseem hu ua low-temperature annealing (los yog high-temperature tempering). Qhov no hom ntawm annealing yog tsuas yog siv los tshem tawm cov residual kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv castings, forgings, vuam qhov chaw, kub dov qhov chaw, txias-drawn qhov chaw, thiab lwm yam. qee lub sij hawm los yog thaum lub sij hawm txiav cov txheej txheem tom ntej.
(Ob tug). Quenching
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb siv los txhim kho hardness yog cua sov, txuag hluav taws xob, thiab cua txias ceev. Cov khoom siv cua txias tshaj plaws yog brine, dej thiab roj. Lub workpiece quenched nyob rau hauv dej ntsev yog ib qho yooj yim kom tau siab hardness thiab du nto, thiab nws tsis yog ib qho yooj yim mus rau qhov chaw mos uas tsis quenched, tab sis nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus ua deformation loj ntawm lub workpiece thiab txawm tawg. Kev siv roj raws li qhov nruab nrab quenching tsuas yog tsim rau quenching ib co hlau hlau los yog cov pa roj carbon me me workpieces qhov chaw ruaj khov ntawm supercooled austenite kuj loj.
(Peb). Tempering
1. Txo cov brittleness thiab tshem tawm lossis txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv. Tom qab quenching, steel qhov chaw yuav muaj kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab brittleness. Yog hais tias lawv tsis tempered nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, cov hlau qhov chaw yuav feem ntau deform los yog txawm tawg.
2. Tau txais cov khoom siv kho tshuab uas xav tau ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm. Tom qab quenching, lub workpiece muaj siab hardness thiab siab brittleness. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam khoom siv, lub hardness tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm qhov tsim nyog tempering, txo cov brittleness thiab tau txais qhov yuav tsum tau toughness. Plasticity.
3. ruaj khov workpiece loj
4. Rau qee cov hlau alloy uas nyuaj rau soften los ntawm annealing, high-temperature tempering yog feem ntau siv tom qab quenching (los yog normalizing) kom zoo sib sau ua ke carbides nyob rau hauv cov hlau thiab txo cov hardness los pab txiav.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis-10-2024