Feem ntau cov hlau ua nkoj yog hais txog cov hlau rau cov qauv hull, uas yog hais txog cov hlau siv los tsim cov qauv hull tsim raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev faib tawm lub koom haum kev tsim kho cov lus qhia. Nws feem ntau raug xaj, teem sijhawm thiab muag ua cov hlau tshwj xeeb. Ib lub nkoj muaj cov phaj nkoj, cov hlau zoo li tus, thiab lwm yam.
Tam sim no, ntau lub tuam txhab hlau loj hauv kuv lub tebchaws muaj ntau lawm, thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv hlau marine raws li cov neeg siv xav tau hauv ntau lub tebchaws, xws li Tebchaws Meskas, Norway, Nyiv Pooj, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Fabkis, thiab lwm yam. Cov lus qhia yog raws li nram no:
| Lub teb chaws | Tus Qauv | Lub teb chaws | Tus Qauv |
| Tebchaws Meskas | ABS | Tuam Tshoj | CCS |
| Lub teb chaws Yelemees | GL | Tebchaws Norway | DNV |
| Fabkis | BV | Nyiv | KDK |
| UK | LR |
(1) Cov lus qhia ntau yam
Cov hlau qauv rau lub hulls yog muab faib ua cov theem zog raws li lawv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus: cov hlau qauv muaj zog dav dav thiab cov hlau qauv muaj zog siab.
Cov hlau ua vaj tse muaj zog dav dav uas tau teev los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm tau muab faib ua plaub qib zoo: A, B, D, thiab E; cov hlau ua vaj tse muaj zog siab uas tau teev los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm tau muab faib ua peb qib zog thiab plaub qib zoo:
| A32 | A36 | A40 |
| D32 | D36 | D40 |
| E32 | E36 | E40 |
| F32 | F36 | F40 |
(2) Cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw
Cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau ua vaj tse dav dav
| Qib Hlau | Qhov Chaw Txais Tauσs (MPa) Min | Lub zog tensileσb(MPa) | Kev ntevσ%Tsawg kawg | 碳 C | 锰Mn | 硅 Si | 硫S | 磷 P |
| A | 235 | 400-520 | 22 | ≤0.21 | ≥2.5 | ≤0.5 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 |
| B | ≤0.21 | ≥0.80 | ≤0.35 | |||||
| D | ≤0.21 | ≥0.60 | ≤0.35 | |||||
| E | ≤0.18 | ≥0.70 | ≤0.35 |
Cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau ua vaj tse muaj zog
| Qib Hlau | Qhov Chaw Txais Tauσs (MPa) Min | Lub zog tensileσb(MPa) | Kev ntevσ%Tsawg kawg | 碳 C | 锰Mn | 硅 Si | 硫S | 磷 P |
| A32 | 315 | 440-570 | 22 | ≤0.18 | ≥0.9-1.60 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 |
| D32 | ||||||||
| E32 | ||||||||
| F32 | ≤0.16 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | |||||
| A36 | 355 | 490-630 | 21 | ≤0.18 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ||
| D36 | ||||||||
| E36 | ||||||||
| F36 | ≤0.16 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | |||||
| A40 | 390 | 510-660 | 20 | ≤0.18 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ||
| D40 | ||||||||
| E40 | ||||||||
| F40 | ≤0.16 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 |
(3) Cov kev ceev faj rau kev xa khoom thiab kev lees txais cov khoom siv hlau marine:
1. Kev tshuaj xyuas daim ntawv pov thawj zoo:
Lub Hoobkas hlau yuav tsum xa cov khoom raws li tus neeg siv xav tau thiab cov lus qhia pom zoo hauv daim ntawv cog lus thiab muab daim ntawv pov thawj zoo thawj. Daim ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
(1) Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb;
(2) Tus lej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab tus lej ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj;
(3) Tus lej ntawm cov khoom siv rau cua sov, theem kev txawj ntse;
(4) Cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab;
(5) Daim ntawv pov thawj pom zoo los ntawm lub koom haum faib tawm thiab kos npe ntawm tus neeg soj ntsuam.
2. Kev tshuaj xyuas lub cev:
Rau kev xa cov hlau marine, cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj lub logo ntawm tus neeg tsim khoom, thiab lwm yam. Tshwj xeeb:
(1) daim ntawv pov thawj pom zoo los ntawm pawg neeg faib pawg;
(2) Siv xim los ua thav duab lossis nplaum lub cim, suav nrog cov yam ntxwv kev ua haujlwm xws li: tus lej ntawm lub cub tawg, qib txheem kev qhia, qhov ntev thiab dav, thiab lwm yam;
(3) Qhov tsos yog du thiab du, tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-16-2024
