Cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hlau feem ntau muab faib ua ob pawg: cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv kev ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem hu ua kev ua tau zoo yog hais txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hlau raws li cov txheej txheem txias thiab kub ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab. Qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau txiav txim siab nws qhov kev hloov pauv rau kev ua thiab kev tsim thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Vim muaj kev sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau sib txawv, xws li kev ua haujlwm casting, weldability, forgeability, kev kho cua sov, kev ua tau zoo, thiab lwm yam. cov khoom siv tshuab, uas suav nrog cov khoom siv kho tshuab, cov khoom siv lub cev, cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, thiab lwm yam.
Hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam, cov khoom siv tshuab dav dav siv rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, ib txwm muaj siab thiab tsis muaj zog corrosive media, thiab thaum siv, txhua yam khoom siv yuav dais qhov sib txawv. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv lub load yog hu ua mechanical properties (los yog mechanical properties). Cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv hlau yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev tsim thiab xaiv cov khoom siv ntawm qhov chaw. Nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov kev thov load (xws li nro, compression, torsion, cuam tshuam, cyclic load, thiab lwm yam), cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xav tau rau cov khoom siv hlau kuj yuav txawv. Feem ntau siv cov khoom siv kho tshuab muaj xws li: lub zog, plasticity, hardness, toughness, ntau yam cuam tshuam tsis kam thiab qaug zog txwv. Txhua yam cuab yeej cuab yeej cuab tam tau tham sib cais hauv qab no.
1. Lub zog
Lub zog yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv hlau los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj (ntau cov yas deformation lossis tawg) nyob rau hauv cov khoom zoo li qub. Txij li thaum lub load ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nro, compression, dabtsi yog khoov, shearing, thiab lwm yam., lub zog kuj muab faib ua tensile zog, compressive zog, flexural zog, shear zog, thiab lwm yam. Muaj feem ntau muaj ib tug tej yam kev sib raug zoo ntawm ntau yam zog. Hauv kev siv, lub zog tensile feem ntau yog siv los ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws lub zog ntsuas.
2. Plasticity
Plasticity yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv hlau los tsim cov yas deformation (mus tas li deformation) yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv load.
3. Hardness
Hardness yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm qhov nyuaj lossis mos ntawm cov khoom siv hlau. Tam sim no, feem ntau siv txoj kev ntsuas hardness nyob rau hauv ntau lawm yog txoj kev indentation hardness, uas siv ib tug indenter ntawm ib tug tej yam geometric duab los nias rau hauv lub saum npoo ntawm cov khoom hlau raug kuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam load, thiab hardness tus nqi yog ntsuas. raws li qhov degree ntawm indentation.
Cov kev siv feem ntau suav nrog Brinell hardness (HB), Rockwell hardness (HRA, HRB, HRC) thiab Vickers hardness (HV).
4. qaug zog
Lub zog, plasticity, thiab hardness tau tham yav dhau los yog tag nrho cov ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv cov khoom zoo li qub. Qhov tseeb, ntau lub tshuab ua haujlwm tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev thauj khoom cyclic, thiab qaug zog yuav tshwm sim hauv cov khoom raws li cov xwm txheej zoo li no.
5. cuam tshuam toughness
Lub load ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm kev kub ceev yog hu ua cuam tshuam load, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov hlau los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam load yog hu ua cuam tshuam toughness.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-06-2024